Heater



' HEATER Filed Jan. 22, 1932 w. E.- SANDERS 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 I a) I Z Iv I IE 5 I? P -i II |I I V I /4. I 25 W r Mm? Se t. 19, 1933. w ESANDERS 1,927,299

HEA'ITER Filed Jan. 22, 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Sept. '19, 1933UNITED] STATES PATENT oFFIcE- HEATER r I William E. Sanders, Memphis,Tenn. I V Applio ation January 22, 1932. Serial No. 588,073

" 4 Claims.' (Cl.-12G 116) oil burner for heating a room or house. Itpar-.

ticularly relates to aheater' which will abstract a maximum amount ofthe heat furnishedbythe burner and deliver. same to the air for heatingpurposes and which will therefore release the gases of combustion at aminimum temperature. It further relates to a heater whichwill proper lyhumidify the heated air so deliveredand to the method. of heating bywhich most advantageous results are accomplished.

The objects of the present invention are to provide a heater forassociation with a burner, 1 which will maintain segregation of theproducts of combustion from the air used in heating and Whichwill at thesame time transfer from these products of combustion a maximum, amountof the heat thereof;

' To provide in sucha heater means for humidifying the heated air;

i To provide in such a heatermeans for leading of the liquid products ofcombustion or con'-" densate associated with such products of com- 5bustion;

, To provide means for readil'y, observing the burneraction; and 9 I Toprovide a method of room heating'in which the lowest and coldest airof'the room to be' heated is abstractedby gravity and after heating isdirectly returned to thei .room at a low point thereinl r I The means bywhich the "foregoing and other objects are accomplished and the methodof their accomplishmentwill-readily be understood from the followingspecification onfreference to the drawings,-in whichz f p Fig. 1 is asectional elevationof my heater as applied to direct room'heating; andFig. 2 is a sectional plan taken on the II-II of Fig. 1. Referring nowto the drawings in which the various parts are indicated by numerals l0'indicates agas burner of any usual ordesired type and 11, apilot lighttherefor. Disposed largely above the burnerlO is a-cylindrical metaldrum 12 having its upper end closedby a head 13,. and its lower'end openandextending downward below and surrounding: the burner IO. DisposedWithin the drum 12 andhavingits upper end" somewhat below the midheightof the drum is a smaller cylinder 14,1which is spaced equally from thesurrounding drum to provide therearounclan annular channel or passageway15 immediately above and concentric with the burner.. The upperend ofthis cylinder has a frusto-conical portion 16 extending upwardandoutward to a junction with the inner surface of the drum'12,"the upperend of this portion having a cylindrical extension 1'7 which is securedand sealed to the drum. The lower end of the cylinderterminates slightlyabove the burner 10 and is provided with a frusto-comcal extension 18which extends downward and outward toward the drum 12 but does not comein contact therewith. From the lower end of this latter extension afurther cylindrical' extension 19 extends downward parallel with butslightly spaced from the drum 12 leaving between such latter portion andthe drum 12 an annular space 20 of minor size.

Disposed within the extension 19 is a shelf 21 on which the burner 10 issupported. This shelf may be secured to the extension 19 and the drum 12by rivets 22, washers or space blocks 23 being disposed around therivets and between the extension and the drum to maintain the spacingthereof.

Theannular channel or passageway 15 is connected with the upper end ofthe drum 12 by a plurality of passageways or fiues, each of which maycomprise an elbow 25 leading through the wall of the drum 12 and fromthe passageway 15,

a second elbow 26 leading throughthe wall of the drum adjacent the upperend thereof and a vertical pipe2'7 connecting these elbows. In thecenter of the head of the drum is an eye hole 30 which is covered andsealed by a disc of mica or other transparent heat resisting material31,- which provides a means for viewing the action of the "burner.From'the lowerportion of the annular channel 15 a vent flue 32extends'laterally outward." j 7 It will be understood that it is'extremelydesirable that these flues be gas tight, that all connectionswith'thedrum' 12 be likewise gas tight, and also that not only is theupper end 1'? of the inner casing hermetically sealed to the'drum butthat the head of the drum is also gastight. "Surrounding the structureabove described is a casing which is preferably squarein horizontalsection. This casing preferably comprises metal inner walls 35, metalouter walls 36 and"interpose'd insulating lining 3'7, preferablyasbestos.

The fupper end" of this casing extends slightly above the head 13 of thedrum, and above the eye piece 31' and is secured to and supported by agrating or grill 38. The lower end of the casing is entirely open andterminates at ap'- proximately the level of the top of the flue "3 2,though it may extend slightly lower should it be so desired. In eachcorner of the casing are diagonally disposed vertical plates 39 whichare sealed to the inner wall 35 to form triangular containers 40, eachof which necessarily has a closed bottom 41, (shown dotted in Fig. l)but which containers are open at the top} and are filled with water forhumidifying purposes.

Surrounding the casing is a housing preferably also square in crosssection and having sheet metal walls 42 insulated as with asbestos 43.This housing is secured to and depends from the grating 38 and extendsbelow the casing. It is closed at the lower end by a bottom 44 whichextends inward and is secured to the drum .12

substantially at the lower end of the passageway 15 and about the levelof the burner 10, forming a support for the drum.

In installing the device, a hole is cut through the floor 45 of theroom, of sufficient size to permit the passage of the heater housing.The heater is lowered through this opening and supported from the floorby the grating 38.

Inusing the heater, the humidifying tanks 40 are filled with water andthe device is ready. The burner 10 is lighted and heats up the drum. Theproducts of combustion from the burner pass upward within the drum andoutward and downward therefrom through the passageways 2'1 into theannular passageway 15 from which they escape through the flue 32. Ifduring combustion weight of the cold column of air being thusavailablefor establishing circulation.

It is found that the .cold air coming in contact with the outer wall ofthe passageway 15 abstracts substantially all heat therefrom and that inits upward passage around the drum it is highly heated and delivers tothe room substantially all the heat generated by the burner, so that thegases of combustion discharge from the flue at so low a temperature thatthe heat losses are substantially negligible. In their upward passagetheheated air coming in contact with the walls of the humidifying tanksevaporates water from the tanks and furnishes to the room the necessaryhumidity. By surrounding the hot air, discharge with the cold air intakean extremely advantageous circulation of air along the floor from themost remote point of the room is accomplished, the room beingtherebyheated in a remarkably uniform and economical manner.

Having described my invention, whatI claim 1. In a heater, a grating, aninsulated housing depending therefrom, said housing having an open topend and closed lower end, an insulated casing, having both top andbottom ends open, disposed within said housing and depending from saidgrating, said casing terminating above the closed lower end of saidhousing, a vertically disposed cylindrical metal drum, having a closedupper end and open lower end, disposed within said casing and below saidgrating, the lower end of'said drum extending through and being securedto the lower end of said housing, an annular case having frusto-conicalends disposed within said drum adjacent but above said housing end, theupper end of said case being sealed to said drum, and the lower endthereof having a cylindrical downward extension spaced a minor amountfrom said drum, said case and drum cooperating to form an annularpassageway, a plurality of flues exterior to said drum, connecting saidpassageway with the upper part of said drum, a vent flue leadinglaterally outward from the lower part of said passageway through saidhousing wall, and a burner disposed and supported within said drum,below said annular passageway.

2. In a heater, a grating, an insulated housing depending therefrom,said housing having an open top end and closed lower end, an insulatedcasing, having both top and bottom ends open, disposed within saidhousing and depending from said grating, said casing terminating-abovethe closed lower end of said housing, a vertically dis-' posedcylindrical metal drum, having a closed upper end and open lower end,disposed within said casing and below said grating, the lower end ofsaid drum extending through and being secured to the lower end of saidhousing, an annular member, disposed within said drum, having its upperend secured adjacent the vertical center of said drum, and formingtherewith an annular passageway adjacent but above the lower end of saidhousing, a plurality of fiues exterior to said drum connecting saidpassageway with the upper part of said drum, a flue leading laterallyoutward from the lower part of said passageway through said housingwall, and a burner disposed and supported within said drum, below saidannular passageway, said'drum and associated parts hermeticallyseparating the combustion gases from the airheated thereby.

3. In a heater, a grating, an insulated housing depending therefrom,said housing having an open top end and closed lower end, an insulatedcasing, having both top and bottom ends open, disposed within saidhousing and depending from said grating, said casing terminating abovethe .closed lower end of said housing, a vertically disposed cylindricalmetal drum, having a closed upper end and open lower end, disposedwithin said casing and below said grating, the lower end of said drumextending through and being secured to the lower end of said housing, anannular member, disposed within said drum, having its upper endsecuredadjacent the vertical center of said drum, and forming therewith anannular passageway adjacent but above the lower end of said housing, aplurality of flues exterior to said drum connecting said passageway withthe upper part of said drum, a flue leading laterally outward from thelower part of said passageway through said housing wall, verticallydisposed humidifying tanks within said casing and exterior'to said drum,a burner disposed and supported within said drum, below saidannularpassageway, said drum and associated parts hermetically separating thecombustion gases from the air heated thereby.

4. In a heater, a grating, an insulated housing depending therefrom,said housing having an open top end and closed lower end, an insulatedcasing, having both" top and bottom ends open, disposed within saidhousing and depending from said grating, said casing terminating abovethe closed lower end of said housing, a vertically disposed cylindricalmetal drum, having a closed tionof said drum and the contiguous portionof said member, a plurality of fiues connecting said passageway with theupper part of said drum, a flue leading laterally outward from the lowerpart of said passageway through said housing wall, and a burner disposedand supported within said drum, below said annular passageway, said drumand associated parts hermetically separating the combustion gases fromthe air heated thereby.

' WILLIAM E. SANDERS.

